33 Comments | leave a comment | RSS 2.0 for this post | trackback |
There was an editorial in the NYT yesterday on a related subject. The editorial argues that with increasing competition for “high-income, high-achieving students” among flagship institutions, the low-income kids are being left in the dust. The inference is that merit-based programs are… meritless. Interesting fact: “In rececnt years, aid to students whose families earn over $100,000 has more than quadrupled at the public flagship and research universities. Incredibly, the average institutional grant to students from high-income families is actually larger than the average grant to low- or middle-income families.” I don’t claim to have a full mastery of the facts relative to college financial aid, but I am willing to believe that needy groups are being ignored in the competition for the best students. I can’t tell from your post how you feel about using both need and merit (while ignoring race) in the distribution of financial aid. I personally think this is a good idea. |
Your conclusions about Coreas’ moral flaws go FAR beyond anything the snippet of his remarks would support. Your own figures demonstrate clearly that your selected Coreas quote is 100% correct: whites earn a lot more than Latinos. So what’s your real beef? His “elementary logical flaws” certianly don’t merit being labeled a bigot. So is it Coreas’ “inconsistency” in not condemning scholarships for Asian-Americans that earns him your scorn? But why should he do so? His goals are much more modest: explaining to College Republicans that the existence of “culturally based scholarships” is not a sign of “the worst form of bigotry confronting America today,” but a sign of very real income inequality, as your figures make clear. Unfortunately for you and your diatribe, DKL, Coreas isn’t making the argument you so want to lambast him for. Coreas does not find race based scholarships objectionable, he defends them. What he criticizes are the polemical antics of the College Republicans, not the existence of programs that target disadvantaged individuals. Since Coreas is not arguing against scholarships based on ethnicity, you can hardly fault him for not launching a campaign against Asian-Americans. But as you are keen on proper reasoning, I hope you will appreciate me pointing out a few of your own fallacies: ad hominem tu quoque In anticipation of the call to throw the first stone, I have to admit, I sometiems resort to fallacies myself, especially when I don’t feel a “modicum of the defensiveness that I’m supposed to feel” in attacking others. For example, when a blogger admits that “It is, of course, bad form for a white guy to point out the bigotry of those belonging to other ethnicities” and does it anyway where none exists, it sure is tempting to holler “a**hole!”* *Based on “the evidence presented here and based on my own generalization from personal experience with people who make similar arguments,” of course, so it’s not like my reasoning for doing so would be completely unfounded. |
When I was in law school, the University of Utah accepted to Hispanic students with MCATs of 6, a relatively low score. One was a millionaire’s son, the other came from the direst sort of poverty. Averages can be confusing, but the world is a better place for the one kid having been to medical school. I do know that without ethnic based preferences, there is often no recruiting at all. On the other hand, I’ve seen abuses. If I had a solution, I’d be running for office, but I don’t. I only know that I believe more in merit based and needs based approaches that are otherwise blind. |
Peter, everything in your comment is either incorrect or beside the point. Did you actually read my article? or are you just being sophistical? Specifically, my argument relies on applying Coreas’s logic to ethnicities across the board, rather than restricting it to a hispanics vs. whites. Coreas does find race-based scholarships to be objectionable, when they or for people of a white ethnicity. You’re wrong about your list of fallacies. For example, ad hominem involves using negative names in the premises of an argument; you’ll notice that I derive a negative name as the conclusion, and thus the argument that uses it does not run afoul of the ad hominem fallacy. Stephen, I agree with you that race-based preferences have done a lot of good. One argument for them agrees that they’re not fair, but that they accomplish enough good to compensate for that. I don’t have a problem with this, but I know a professor who lost 3 tenure track positions to women because of gender based hiring policies who hates this argument. Herodotus, I need to read the NYT article. I agree that it’s a bit silly to give scholarships to super-rich students who can fund their own college education with family wealth. On the other hand, in the large metro areas like Boston you can be statistically rich, but really earn a very modest living. I know a guy who makes a good living — statistically he’s rich — who put his 2 children through expensive, flagship institutions that cost in excess of 20k per semester. Unless you’re really rich, like an income in excess of 300k per year, this kind of cash isn’t something that you can just pull out of your budget. He would not have been able to afford to put his children through college without their merit-based scholarships. In my opinion, government funding of tuition causes tuition inflation by making demand inelastic, and this has made education off-the-charts expensive. This has made it increasingly difficult for students to pay their own way through college. (It’s still possible, btw. I have a brother in law who just started medical school who has zero debt and has received neither government grants nor help from his parents.) But I believe that the harm of policies that have priced college tuition outside the reach of self-funding students far outweighs the good brought about by the endless government funding. That said, the importance of obtaining an education at a “flagship” institution is vastly exaggerated. George W. Bush got degrees at both Harvard and Yale, and nobody thinks that he’s especially smart. In fact, I think that the value of any non-trade-related college education is grossly exaggerated. Seriously, I only went to college because after a few years I got tired of running the business that I’d started after I failed out of high school (I was working 100+ hours a week) and college life was really easy–like an extended vacation. Alas, the vacation ended upon graduation. |
We have to look at the situation honestly. Caucasians tend to have a higher per capita income than Latinos and other minorities. We have to have scholarships to survive. So do many white kids. I had to have scholarships to survive. But I had to earn mine. I wasn’t born entitled to them. And being born white doesn’t mean that you’re entitled to other advantages. Poor white kids are just as screwed as poor Hispanic, Black, or Asian kids. I oppose any allocation of resources that takes into account potential recipients’ ethnicity or gender as a deciding factor. The way I read it, so does the constitution. It’s simply, undeniably unjust in that there is no way to favor individuals on the basis of race or gender without simultaneously making other individuals’ race or gender a liability to them. It’s an unhealthy state of affairs when the best thing for a person’s career would be to get a sex change operation. “But we have a history of exclusion and discrimination against certain groups and affirmative action is necessary to redress them,” is the common rejoinder. But how does race/gender discrimination fix the problem of race/gender discrimination? It doesn’t. It perpetuates it. The proper response to a history of discrimination is to stop it and treat each individual as an individual and not as part of a group. If we could gather up perpetrators and make them bear the cost of redressing past wrongs, I’d be all for it. But that’s not possible and there is no reason that innocent people should bear the punishment for actions in which they took no part. A big problem I see is that people take as benchmarks of social justice proportional representation of ethnicities and genders in all strata of society. When proportional representation is all that matters, it’s not acceptable to just work towards the goal of non-discrimination because unjust discrimination is/will be necessary in order to move toward proportional representation everywhere. But in my view, the real measure of social justice is not how groups stack up against each other, it’s how individuals are treated. |
DKL, it is your post that is beside Coreas’ point. Coreas says, “If they want to have a scholarship, then let them have a scholarship, but they’re stirring up controversy in the wrong way.” But you say, “Coreas does find race-based scholarships to be objectionable, when they or for people of a white ethnicity.” You even go to the trouble to extend Coreas’ “argument” and conclude that “According to Mr. Coreas’s reasoning, Asian-American scholarships should be about as objectionable as a white-only scholarship.” Amazing! (whoops, looks like I’m arguing from personal incredulity again!) Speaking of fallacies, the “tu quoque” bit of the “ad hominem tu quoque” distinguishes it from the more run-of-the-mill “ad hominem” fallacy. The former relies on you pointing out the inconsistencies in Coreas’ statements, behavior, etc. regarding a particular claim he might have made as grounds for falsifying that claim. When you say things like “his own behavior is not consistent with the basis for his objection,” your argument starts walking like a duck. And when you target “the elementary logical flaws in Mr. Coreas’s position,” the quacking reminds me of the evergreen that is argumentum ad logicam. Those two are up for debate, I suppose, but the last two fallacies stand, or did you forget this masterpiece of reasoning: “It’s my opinion, based on the evidence presented here and based on my own generalization from personal experience with people who make similar arguments, that Mr. Coreas is simply a bigot”? I’m all for people yanking themselves up by their bootstraps–I paid my own way, debt-free, through school without qualifying for any scholarships based on my, uh, ethnicity and I reckon it would be a Good Thing if every student had to do so. The strength of the moral fiber one develops can not be matched by any other approach. Still, your claims about Coreas are simply not supported by the evidence and argument you present. And even if they did support your conclusions, aren’t we all married to a sense of our own infallibility? What is gained by the pot calling the kettle black? |
Tom, You say “there is no reason that innocent people should bear the punishment for actions in which they took no part,” but what about innocent people who benefit from actions in which they took no part? Isn’t that the elephant in the room in all these discussions? |
Stephen (Ethesis), What are you basing that MCAT 6 data on? It may be based on a Deseret News article that contained erroneous data. I heard about some very prejudicial “facts” being printed up in the Deseret News about MCAT scores and the acceptance of minority students at the U of U. When the data was demonstrated to be wrong, the Deseret News still refused to retract the article or print a correction. Anyway, I’m only guessing about your source … but that kind of info about the U of U medical school has been passed all around Utah state and elsewhere (in mostly LDS circles) due to the fact that a lot of (white) LDS people resent their relatives not being accepted there. |
Ethesis, if you come back with a credible source for the information you are giving, I would also like to know what specific year those students with such low MCAT scores were accepted. I know someone who can check this out and if you are able to provide the info, I’ll follow up on it. |
Peter, you can’t claim that reductios are ad hominem tu quoque just because arguing is a behavior. Coreas’ argument commits him to a position to which he seems unwilling to assent (a position that you continue to avoid addressing). It’s true that Coreas appears to believe that nobody can prevent or block a whites-only scholarship, but he quite clearly objects to them; hence his comment that “it’s the wrong way.” It’s odd that you’re faulting me for noting that most of the people that I’ve met who say things like Coreas says are bigots; it’s the nature of personal judgments that they draw on previous experience. You still seem to be trading in misrepresentations and irrelevancies, so I’m guessing at this point that you are just being sophistical. |
Tom, I agree with you. Bertrand Russell once said that past injustices cannot be used to justify present evils. I think that’s relevant, too. |
Danithew, I knew both of those people personally. One was a room mate undergraduate. The other had his carrel next to mine in law school (before he transferred to med school). Obviously the fact that the only two Hispanics I knew who went to the U of U both had MCATs of 6 does not exhaust the universe of those with MCATs of 6 or Hispanics. But, they are within my personal, direct knowledge. The guy at the law school was LDS, the guy from CSULA was not. Appreciate your being blinded to the cues in the statements I made, since I was discussing individuals and you are caught up in your own issues on this point. But, as I’ve said before in discussions we were both in, I knew both of the people and talked with them face-to-face about their issues and scores and such. I guess I should have restated all of the background data I’ve mentioned before, it is easy to forget that some people are talking out of personal knowledge. Not to mention, I typed “to” when I should have typed “two” which is what you would expect from someone repeating an old canard rather than first hand knowledge. |
. . . what about innocent people who benefit from actions in which they took no part? Isn’t that the elephant in the room in all these discussions? I’m sure there are plenty of people who right now are better off than they would have been if there wasn’t institutionalized discrimination. But 1) how do you measure the benefit and how do you target the brunt of the cost to the individuals who have received the most benefit? As it is it’s the least advantaged individuals in the “privileged” group that bear the brunt of the cost of affirmative action (It’s not the George W. Bushes who suffer the injustice of affirmative action, it’s the marginally prosperous and talented white folks) and it’s not the least advantaged of the “underprivileged” group that receives the most benefit. 2) Even if it was possible to target the cost to the people who received the most benefit from our history of discrimination (which it’s not) it would still be morally objectionable to make innocent people pay for crimes they didn’t commit. |
@DKL “That said, the importance of obtaining an education at a “flagship” institution is vastly exaggerated.” The value of a “flagship” education depends completely on the field in question. As an entrepreneur you chose a field in which educational credentials are irrelevant when compared with what you can do. The same holds true for many of the arts. However for professional degrees the name on your diploma determines your entry level job, which in many cases determines your career path. “In my opinion, government funding of tuition causes tuition inflation by making demand inelastic, and this has made education off-the-charts expensive.” My own opinion is that the problem is rather the degree to which universities have become corporate institutions. A university president’s success is measured by the size of his endowment at the end of his tenure, not by any academic achievements. Sports programs have become financial franchises. I did my education at “flagship” universities back east. While I was there my tuition increased twice as fast as inflation. Every time I get a letter asking for alumni donations I feel like laughing. Universities have realized that parents will happily mortgage their homes to pay for the right name brand of a diploma. It’s a odd sort of price-gouging that I liken to the diamond market. The amount you pay is a measure of your love. Parents become easy marks. |
it’s the marginally prosperous and talented white folks Like myself, growing up white, but in trailer parks, etc. |
Yes Stephen, this discussion does feel like it happened before. But I think it’s important to clarify … how many years ago was this, that you knew these two students? I can assure you that nothing like this has happened recently. |
danithew, My wife was a student on the U of U medical school admissions committee. When the legislature started clamoring for audits and what not she took some offense in there was an implication that she wasn’t qualified to be there. As it turns out many of those in the legislature that wanted audits wanted them because their male children or grandchildren weren’t able to get in to the U for med school. They felt that it was a right of their children to go to the U’s medical school, and they couldn’t imagine that a girl(!!!) could be as qualified. I attribute this to a bizarre sense of entitlement and an overestimation of the qualifications of one’s own progeny. In any case the audit showed that the process didn’t contain any bias. Which was a shocking in that there were only about 5 minorities in my wife’s class of 100 and the second lowest percentage of women than in any medical school in the country. But second lowest wasn’t good enough for Utah. We need to be lowest, right? A separate post could be written about the shortsightedness of BYU actively discouraging women from becoming doctors. |
In fairness though, BYU actively discourages *everyone* from becoming a doctor. They are pretty egalitarian in their negativity towards the profession. Thank Dr. Bloxham for that — a guy who got rejected from medical school and now has a chip on his shoulder. |
DKL, I don’t know about aid, but in the area of admissions it was made clear to us when I went to college that admissions were race sensitive. It was also made clear that the bias was neutral for whites, very negative for Asians, and positive for everyone else. |
herodotus, “BYU Pre-Med Social 7pm. Wives are invited.” This is from a flyer posted on campus at BYU in the mid 1990s. If you talk to a female doctor that went to BYU for undergrad you’ll hear even better stuff. |
@ a random John “BYU Pre-Med Social 7pm. Wives are invited.” “If you talk to a female doctor that went to BYU for undergrad you’ll hear even better stuff.” I know several. Your example illustrates that BYU’s premedical advertisements are gender insensitive, but in truth this isn’t particularly unique among BYU’s preprofessional programs. While this is a matter of opinion and as such I don’t expect we have any real way to resolve it, I stand by my previous statement. When it comes to the business of counseling premedical students, Don Bloxham’s office is equal-opportunity. They try to talk *everyone* out of medicine. Race, color, creed and sex are irrelevant to them. As far as they are concerned, no one should go into medicine. |
ARJ, my wife would know very well the things you are talking about. I believe the year before she graduated, she was president of Women in Medicine at BYU. She also sat on an admissions committee at the UofU during her final year there. I couldn’t agree more with you about the audit process that happened at the UofU. It was a complete waste of time and tax-payer money. The politicians who pushed that audit were offended that their sons and relatives had been denied admission at the UofU medical school and were determined to find proof of a bias that wasn’t there. The interesting thing is that in recent years the president of BYU and the head of admissions at the UofU medical school have been brothers. Wayne Samuelson, the head of the UofU medical school admissions, was actually a former bishop of our ward and is an unbelievably fair-minded guy. |
I don’t want to be unreasonable, so let me back off from the hyperbole in my previous statements and stick to things I know for certain: If a prospective medical student walks into the BYU premedical department asking for advice, they will be advised against going into medicine. This is their blanket policy. The “premedical program” at BYU consists of a series of seminars in which Dr. Bloxham explains why no one should consider the profession. (There is actually no medicine taught, only his advice against entering medicine.) In private consultation do they use “legitimate” arguments to dissuade men from going into medicine and sexist ones with women? I don’t know. Are they more argumentative with women than men? I have no idea. But this I know for certain: BYU premedical advises everyone against going into medicine. |
Herodotus: That is so fascinating. Thanks for the personal experience. It is particularly irritating when a petty, mid-level bureaucrat like this Bloxham character sounds decides to make policy based on his or her own limited exposure and experience and uses that to exercise what is essentially unrighteous dominion in a stewardship. I wish more people knew about Bloxham’s actions (assuming you are right about them, of course). |
Well, I don’t know if it’s all that bad. Bloxham’s office does help a lot of people get into med school. Bloxham’s freshman pre-med seminar helped convince me that medicine wasn’t for me. It really wasn’t/isn’t for me even though I had/have the aptitude and, though I don’t remember exactly how negative Bloxham himself was toward the profession or even what the gist of the content of the seminar was, at the time I found the information valuable. And I don’t think it was misinformation even if it was spun negatively. |
I don’t know how interested anyone really is in discussing BYU premedical but let me say a few more things. First of all, I agree with you Tom in the sense that it is important to go into medicine with one’s eyes open. On the other hand, I think that his negative spin is out of proportion. And I do think that a disproportionate negative spin is misinformation. I remember that Dr. Bloxham’s seminar caused me so much angst that I went to my uncle for advice. My uncle is a law professor and has two sons, one a doctor the other a lawyer. The doctor works less and makes far more money than the lawyer. My uncle advised me to do what I enjoy. I think that this was the best advice I got as an undergraduate. Secondly, I think it is wrong to credit Dr. Bloxham with getting people into medical school. People are accepted or rejected on their own merits. Dr. Bloxham’s role consists of writing what he calls a “composite letter” which summarizes the student’s performance at BYU. This letter is a summary of performance, not his personal opinion of the student. Having now watched the selection process in action, I can tell you that even if he did make some kind of a personal plea to an admissions officer I doubt that it would carry much weight. Lastly, one reason that I was so surprised to hear BYU premedical called sexist is because I just don’t know anyone who takes Dr. Bloxham seriously outside of BYU. Most of the doctors I know who graduated from BYU (male and female) just shake their heads and smile when his name comes up. But then again who knows, maybe in addition to everything else he is a closet sexist. |
DKL, I hope you will pardon the delayed response, I was busy getting beat up by underprivileged foreigners this weekend. And pardon to all the others who have turned their focus to Dr. Bloxham. But let’s get something straight–you accuse someone of being a bigot based on this factual statement: “We have to look at the situation honestly. Caucasians tend to have a higher per capita income than Latinos and other minorities. We have to have scholarships to survive” and you have the gall to call me sophistical? In defending your unfounded (and serious) accusation of bigotry as well as the sorry logic marshalled to defend it, you commit two more fallacies–ad populum and ad antiquitatem–when you write: “It’s odd that you’re faulting me for noting that most of the people that I’ve met who say things like Coreas says are bigots; it’s the nature of personal judgments that they draw on previous experience.” Hey, if everybody’s doing it, it must be ok, logical, reasonable, true, etc. What’s palpably absurd is your inability to admit that your conclusions about Mr. Coreas’ moral state amount to little better than defamation in the absence of a coherent argument and supporting evidence. Show me the bigotry, don’t just tell me your friends think he’s a bigot, for heaven’s sake! I am truly sorry if you think my objections to your unsupported claims are nothing more than irrelevant sophistries, but think about it, you are calling someone a bigot–doesn’t that kind of accusation deserve more consideration than you have given it? |
Peter, you’ve yet to accurately characterize my argument, and now you’re guilty of oversimplification. When I try to be perfectly forthcoming about the fact that my judgment that he’s a bigot is as much based on generalizing from previous experience as it is on any clues that he’s provided, you claim that I’m guilty of a host of fallacies. I commend you for having read a book on fallacies, but it appears that you’re still struggling with the identification of real-world instances of them. |
I have heard it said (by someone who would know) that BYU should be sending the best medical school candidate applications to the University of Utah … and that this is not happening. I can’t recall whether Dr. Bloxham’s name came up when that was being said … I’ve never met him, though I’ve heard about him. |
Life isn’t fair. I’ve brought this up before, it’s sort of off the subject, so I apologize if I’m thread jacking. Why is Africa the poorest continent? It has the most natural resources. Its people have two arms and legs and eyes and ears just like everyone else. My friend whose father was a racist made the observation that countries with lighter skinned people are more modern and advanced than countries with darker skinned people and she’s right. Why? That’s what I want to know. I understand why black people in America USED to be at a disadvantage, but so were the Irish. Why aren’t they now? Maybe I’m a bigot. But I’m so sick of the victim rhetoric. |
I have heard it said (by someone who would know) that BYU should be sending the best medical school candidate applications to the University of Utah … and that this is not happening. What do you mean? That BYU’s best candidates should be applying to the U or that the U’s best candidates should be coming from BYU? Whichever it is, what would the reason be? |
Tom, I’m saying that I heard someone express the opinion that the BYU students who apply to the University of Utah’s medical school should be among the best in that applicant pool - but they aren’t. |
Yes Stephen, this discussion does feel like it happened before. But I think it’s important to clarify … how many years ago was this, that you knew these two students? I can assure you that nothing like this has happened recently. I believe you. Alejandro Paz was accepted in ‘79, did note to me that after a couple of years there he respected the LDS students, even the ones using chemicals to stay awake. The other guy, I think he started in ‘81. I’ve forgotten his name. Too bad they have not had more people like Alejandro. The other guy was a waste of space, but I think they did right by taking Alejandro in. http://www.graybill.org/paz.html for more on him. |