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I’m embarrassed to say that I’ve always imagined MHA as a more substantive, but also more boring, version of the Sunstone Symposium. Your post convinces me otherwise. I’m sorry I missed this. Aaron B |
Thanks for this report. I was scheduled to go, then on Tuesday I got a kidney stone nad had to cancel the trip. I was sorely disappointed. I enjoy the presentations, even though I’m not an historian. But perhaps even more, I enjoy the sociality and community of the people. It doesn’t matter what your particular stripe of belief, disbelief or apathy is; if you’re interested in Mormon history, you’re part of the group and more than welcome. Somehow MHA manages to get the tone just exactly right. And it is also fun to rub shoulders with all the big names in Mormon studies. I’ll definitely plan on making the trip to Sacramento next year. |
Thanks DKL – perhaps I should sign up and go – it sounds like a fascinating experience. |
Kevin, I’m sorry to hear you had a kidney stone problem – I’ve heard that is more than just unpleasant. Hope you’re feeling better. Nice post DKL. I also recently met John Dehlin and had the same positive response to the experience – though he neglected to buy me breakfast. Maybe it’s because we met at an evening time. He’s a nice guy. I am very much looking forward to seeing Margaret Young’s and Daris Gray’s documentary. I’ll bet that I have a lot to learn on the subject and I’m looking forward to it. |
My favorite things about MHA: FRIENDS!!! Much funner than papers — which I can read. But I love Jonathan Stapley and Kris Wright and Steven (can’t remember his last name) and I even finally got to meet DKL — who is far more intimidating in person than he is online. And listening to Ardis Parsall’s WONDERFUL paper was a joy. That was one which required her particular style, and I’m so glad I got to attend. I missed Saturday’s sessions because I’m on the road with my family now, but I love MHA. (And I only listed some of the Bloggers — probably omitting several I fully intended to include. Listing the rest of my friends would simply be name dropping. But honestly, I am SO GRATEFUL to count such fine scholars/writers/historians as my friends. NEXT YEAR IN SACRAMENTO!! |
Thanks for the round up. I am very sorry that I missed it this year, especially since I was slated to present a paper. On the other hand, had I left my almost due wife in Va to fly to SLC she would have left me, and I do like being married to her. BTW, if anyone is interested I’ve posted the paper that I was slated to present at MHA this year on SSRN. |
DKL: I was interested to hear that Helen Whitney had presented. As one who really appreciated the documentary, I have been sad to see some overreactions by faithful Latter-day Saints at the documentary. In speaking with another attendee of the conference over the weekend (I was not able to attend myself), I discussed this issue with him. It seems that one problem might be that Helen Whitney was unwilling to accept the idea that there might indeed have been problems with the documentary? Did you get that sense from her presentation and from the Q&A? I mean, did she dismiss LDS concerns about aspects of her work incredulously, creating the impression that she felt she had created a work of perfection? Although I find much of the criticism that some Latter-day Saints are levelling at the documentary to be misplaced, I still think that some points are valid and that she would do well to acknowledge weaknesses in her presentation and editing, and in her choice as to substance on such issues. Particularly it seems hard to believe that she believes that the documentary can really shatter stereotypes when it states in the opening few minutes that Joseph Smith is the Mormons’ Alpha & Omega. This implicitly states that Jesus Christ is not the Mormons’ Alpha & Omega, which is simply false and reinforces well-worn stereotypes about Latter-day Saints not “really†being Christian and worshipping Joseph Smith, neither of which is true. If Latter-day Saints are not “really†Christians, then it is because we do not recite trinitarian creeds, not because we worship Joseph Smith as our Alpha & Omega rather than Jesus Christ. If we must accept the definition of “Christian†as including only those who recite trinitarian creeds, then that excludes us — but let’s at least get that right instead of obfuscating by making it seem that we worship Joseph Smith. Latter-day Saints use the term “Alpha & Omega†the same way that creedal Christians use it, as it is used in the Book of Revelation. One criticism levelled by many Latter-day Saints that is valid is that the documentary did little to publish the fact that our church is all about Jesus Christ. In fact, the documentary gave no information relating to this idea. This is perhaps the key to what many Latter-day Saints found objectionable. Latter-day Saints already know they’re weird. Further, they know other people think they’re weird. What a lot of other people don’t know about the Church is the central role of Jesus Christ in our worship, devotion, and daily lives. The documentary did little to hint at this aspect of being a Latter-day Saint. |
“the documentary did little to publish the fact that our church is all about Jesus Christ. In fact, the documentary gave no information relating to this idea.” John, Maybe you and others missed part 2. At the end of chapter 14, “The Great Accomodation,” viewers were told that “there is new emphasis on Jesus” and Carl Mosser goes on to list a number of measures the Church has recently taken (adding “Another Testament of Jesus Christ” to BoM, new logo, etc.)to make the focus on Christ more apparent. One might quibble that she only devoted 40 seconds to this fact, but to suggest the “documentary gave no information relating to this idea” is factually incorrect. |
At a recent stake conference meeting I heard Richard Bushman say that the film provided an “outsider’s view” of the Mormon Church and that if we understand that, it makes sense. To an outsider, the most prominent characteristics (and maybe interesting) aspects of the church are polygamy, the Mountain Meadows massacre, excommunication, the issue of race and the priesthood – things like this. To us, in our past two (maybe three) generations, these are things that have had next to zero impact on our daily lives. While they are a part of our history, many members rarely think about them all that much until an outsider brings these topics up (at work, in casual conversations, etc.). He suggested that we should not try to debate these topics and that we should not try to dismiss or excuse them either – but simply acknowledge that they are a part of our history. He then made some practical and perhaps very powerful counsel regarding how we should deal with questions that arise from the “outsider perspective” so to speak. Richard Bushman said that during the next years we will have a major opportunity to share information about the Church with others. He suggested that we need to have two testimonies. One is the traditional testimony of “I know the Church is true, I know that Joseph Smith is a prophet, I know the Book of Mormon is true, etc. and etc. The second testimony, however, is more of an individual testimony – a testimony where each of us looks within ourselves and at our lives and determines what it is that means the most about the church, what we like about the church – how it is has had a major positive influence on us. That way, if someone comes up to you or me, we will be prepared to talk about the Church in a positive way. One example he said is that a person might talk about the positive aspects a Church health code (the Word of Wisdom) has had on one’s life. Or perhaps the idea that there is a community of like-minded friendly Mormon people almost anywhere we go. Perhaps I should say that Richard Bushman’s wife also spoke and shared some similar ideas – so with this last example I might be remembering something she said. I thought this talk was so excellent – it dealt with the Mormons documentary from the vantage-point/perspective of someone who had been interviewed for many hours (though I think RB said that only a few minutes ended up in the documentary). I actually approached RB and said to him that I thought his talk was extraordinary and it would be nice to have a version of it for the Bloggernacle. He didn’t seem overly enthused about the possibility – but having reviewed my memories of what he said, I still think it would be great if someone could persuade him to share his thoughts on this subject with us. |
Okay – I was just re-reading what I wrote and I realize that the race and priesthood issue was settled much more recently than some of the other topics mentioned. I didn’t mean to suggest that had zero impact in the last two generations (since I know better). I think the point Richard Bushman was saying is that while we should acknowledge that these things are a part of our Church history we should also be prepared to talk about the aspects of the Church that have such a positive impact on our daily lives. Sorry for the length of my comments. |
Peter, I was aware of the forty seconds or so you are referring to and it doesn’t really change my comment at all — do you really think it should? 40 seconds out of four hours — and presented as a matter of suspicion, i.e. with the following undertone: “the Mormons didn’t used to believe in Jesus but now they’re trying to make it look like they do, look, they made the name Jesus Christ bigger in the name of their Church and they changed the title of their religious book to include the word Jesus Christ. Those silly Mormons. What will they think of next.” Now, despite my presentation of a concern held by many faithful Latter-day Saints who are critical of the documentary (this seems to be one of the main grievances and runs through many of the criticisms that I have heard and read since the documentary), I am not one who believes that Helen Whitney had a duty to publish our belief in Jesus Christ. She is not a missionary for our Church. She is interested in scandalous aspects of the history of the Church, such as the Mountain Meadows Massacre and Polygamy. Since that is her interest, she has every right to make those a large focus of the documentary. But in doing so, she necessarily moves away from any kind of reliable description of what being a Latter-day Saint means to Latter-day Saints. It also moves away from “shattering stereotypes” which she claimed was a goal of her documentary. That claim is inconsistent with some of the content of the documentary, so perhaps she should have resisted the urge to make that claim. Other worthy goals exist in making such a documentary, such as examining controversial aspects of a religious body’s history. She has achieved that goal and she did a great job. I am particularly glad that her work on the Mountain Meadows Massacre aired before September Dawn because unlike the latter, Helen Whitney presented an LDS view in addition to Will Bagley’s opinion about Brigham Young. Also, Whitney provided context that is really essential in a treatment of MMM. By contrast, September Dawn makes no mention whatsoever of the letter sent by Brigham Young instructing the Latter-day Saints to let the emigrants pass unmolested. After seeing the reactions of many Latter-day Saints to the documentary, I must regretfully conclude that Whitney would have had to make a very different movie to impress the majority of Latter-day Saints. I think that is unfortunate. We need to realize that Whitney has no reason to portray Latter-day Saints in a good light and therefore simply cannot be called to task for omitting the Church’s overwhelming focus on Jesus Christ. Instead, we should appreciate the quality of the documentary, the breadth of the views and interviews presented, and simply forgive such stereotype reinforcing aspects of the documentary as the statement that Joseph Smith is the Mormons’ Alpha & Omega. Although this type of thing was inaccurate in the documentary (another example being the bizarre statement that the well-known grain silo on I-15 near SLC is for the end-times preceding the Second Coming), it comes in a product that is impressive, well-rounded, thoughtfully produced, and generally enjoyable. Despite aspects of the documentary that made me feel uncomfortable either because I knew they were blatantly untrue, misleadingly inaccurate, or legitimate causes for embarassment (i.e. the description of the poor treatment of homosexuals among us), the documentary overall made me proud to be a Latter-day Saint. I know that we obey our leaders as representatives of God’s voice, so that theme in the documentary is not threatening to me and should not worry Latter-day Saints. We have chosen this faith so we need to own our obedience to prophets — it is nothing to be ashamed of even if it is weird against the backdrop of broader culture. Obedience to prophets always has been weird in the broader culture. Why do you think that no one except Lehi and his family and perhaps a few others listened to Jeremiah? |
I could tell just aabout everyone was at MHA – the bloggernacle was almost dead. Congratulations to Matt Bowman! That is awesome. |
john f. #11: To say that Joseph Smith is the “alpha and omega” of Mormonism is not the same as saying he is “Alpha and Omega” (note the distinction in capitalization–it’s on purpose). Whitney used the phrase colloquially, and anyone without a persecution complex would recognize that she was pointing out the truth that without Joseph Smith, there would be no Mormonism. I watched the documentary, and it never entered my mind that she was saying Joseph Smith was an object of worship, or that he somehow supplanted Jesus. Rather, I was completely surprised to see LDS members make this complaint. Also, Will Bagley is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Ergo, his interpretation of the evidence regarding the Mountain Meadows Massacre is, by definition, “an LDS view.” We may never know to what degree Brigham Young had foreknowledge (he was a prophet, right??) or involvement in the massacre, but we certainly know he was involved in a subsequent cover-up. The “not official” LDS-funded history by three LDS-employed historians is expected to be out by the end of this year, and we can compare one “LDS view” with another (no doubt correlated) “LDS view.” The fact that you don’t like Bagley’s conclusion doesn’t make his view “anti-LDS.” I think it is very unfortunate that so many LDS have let their paranoid persecution complex rule in regard to this documentary. I think these individuals watched the documentary with the purpose of finding fault, because they expected to be persecuted. As a former member of the LDS church (by choice), I actually found the documentary VERY sensitive, and VERY moving. |
I actually liked the documentary, overall. I had differences with some parts of it and with some of it’s emphasis. It is definitely an outsider view, and I was glad it was done. I _do_ think that using the phrase “Alpha and Omega” in relation to Joseph Smith was a serious error in the documentary. There is a rumor among some evangelicals and Christians that Mormons worship Joseph Smith. Obviously we do not. “Alpha and Omega” is a term that the Lord (Jesus Christ) uses to introduce himself (in rather dramatic fashion, I would add) in the book of Revelation. So anyone who is conversant with the New Testament will associate “Alpha and Omega” with divinity, with an object of worship. It is not clear to me how any non-Mormon viewing this documentary would know that the phrase is used “colloquially.” In fact, this isn’t a colloquial phrase, in any sense that I am aware of – who uses it colloquially? It’s a scriptural phrase. You can find this divine title used four times in the book of Revelation:
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Nick, please see the following from my comment # 11, with some additional gloss in square brackets and bold:
and
and
and
If I am allowed to quote myself so extensively, then perhaps these selections will reveal that Nick is not accurately arguing with me about this. It appears his real concern is that many faithful Latter-day Saints were irritated by Whitney’s documentary and have voiced criticisms of it. Apparently, at least one attendee of the MHA has told me that Whitney was unwilling to concede that some things could have or should have been handled or done differently. Whether one loved or hated the documentary, it is difficult to conceive of a scenario in which the documentary was really a perfect work as created. I for one really liked the documentary but would be concerned if it is true that Whitney will not even acknowledge that the Joseph Smith Alpha & Omega comment wasn’t right or the stuff about the grain elevator or other such items. |
Nick, I loved the documentary, but I too cringed at the alpha and omega bit. I get what Whitney was trying to say; I just think it was a bad word choice. Not that this is a deal killer, or that this mistake damns the entire project. Like John, I too felt enormous pride to be a Mormon when I finished watching. The Church, in my view, is heavily in debt to Ms. Whitney. But that is not to say that her project is without missteps. |
I’m kind of curious about how many Mormons liked the documentary enough to buy it. I’m interested in purchasing it – I just have to run it by our family’s CEO when the time is right. I think I would be purchasing it for my own consumption, so to speak. It doesn’t strike me really as a missionary tool – though if someone is only casually interested in the Church, it could be worth sharing. |
In German, the expression “alpha and omega” (as found in the expression “das A und O”) does not necessarily imply Christ’s introduction to himself in Revelations. It just means “indispensable” or “essential,” which is perfectly compatible with a mainstream, conservative understanding of Smith’s role in Mormonism. I realize Whitney produced the documentary in English for English-speakers, but I reject the notion that the phrase has no meaning outside its King James context. |
danithew: john f.: Randy B.: danithew: |
I enjoyed the documentary, I thought it was quite even handed. I have it on my DVR, if anybody wants to come over and watch it. |
“I’d like to think that the documentary would have piqued my interest. It presented Mormonism as a religion with baggage and challenges like every other religion, yet it also gave a strong sense that this religion had something compelling to offer to individuals and families.” Amen. Last week on Austrian TV Tasha Oldham’s “The Smith Family” (2002 documentary on Mormon family that has to deal with husband’s infidelity, death and infection of his wife with HIV) was shown as part of a special on AIDS. A colleague at work mentioned it the following day saying she was impressed by the qualities the family displayed and we were able to talk about how much of what she saw might have had to do with the church. Despite the edgy subject matter, it showed the intersection of religion and real life and led to a better missionary discussion than my other member missionary efforts in recent months. |
I plan to buy the DVD. I would share it with anyone I knew who was interested in joining our Church. I think it presents fairly accurately various perspectives of our religion in a sympathetic way, and touches on most of the “hot button” issues that might affect a prospective member at some point. |
Jim sees postmodernism as a kind of recognition that modernism is the best we can do but sees that modernism claims to be able to do more. So it is a distrust towards those “goals” while simultaneously acknowledging we can’t escape the modernist trap. Just find different configurations of it. I’m not sure I fully buy this, mind you. But then I’d come to the conclusion long ago that even using the term is perhaps unwise given its range of meanings and typically pejorative status. |
Nick, I think we’ll simply have to agree to disagree on whether those who take issue with the alpha and omega reference are overly sensitive people with a persecution complex. (Surely there are such people around — too many of them, frankly — but this incident seems a pretty poor test for distinguishing such types from those with thoughtful critiques.) In any event, given the prominence of the reference at the very outset of the documentary, Whitney could have done better. But again, this is a minor issue that should not overshadow the amazing job she did. |
Nick is right. The persecution complex is alive and well. How far back do we have to go to find a time where everyone would be thrilled that the worst thing we can say about the documentary is some poor word choice. Get over it. Even Al Sharpton publicly thinks we’re OK now. |
Randy, As I said, it honestly didn’t even occur to me that anyone would take those words in that way, until certain LDS members started objecting. I think fears that outsiders understood that to mean that Joseph Smith replaces Jesus in Mormonism are exagerrated. In fact, I haven’t seen any ratings statistics, but I’m willing to bet the non-LDS audience was far more limited than LDS expect. Most non-LDS probably didn’t know about the program, or didn’t care about it. After all, how many LDS watched Whitney’s other documentaries, on other faiths? I’d never heard of her work before. |
Kyle M: |
I don’t know about a persecution complex – to me it’s been much less about ‘persecution’ and much more about accuracy. This Church is something we care about intensely, so we want it to be depicted accurately and as much as is possible, favorably. Again, I liked the documentary, overall. It was certain points or emphasis that concerned me a little bit. That’s all. |
danithew, |
You have a point, Nick. Al is a little past mainstream. ;-) |
Let’s all keep in mind that in the eyes of those who participate in an event, the reporters, journalists, and documentarians who cover it almost _never_ get the whole story right. Every event or group/organization, no matter how big or small, that I’ve participated in has ever been accurately represented in the press or by television news. They _always_ misrepresent something, or leave out something that I thought was material. I think this is mainly because journalists/etc do not become experts in the events they cover. They are always going to be outsiders. And they can’t afford the time needed to become truely informed of the subject. The time they do spend is more oriented to crafting the story/documentary. I have to say that _every_ item I’ve ever read in the newspaper, of which I was personally acquainted, was misrepresented in some material degree. That makes me wonder what percentage of those events/items that I’m not acquainted with are accurately reported. One example was a week-long series of articles in the local Indianapolis newspaper about how our city sewers need to be re-done. The _main_ point is that we have combined storm and sanitary sewers, and the EPA wants us to have a sanitary sewer system separate from the storm sewer system that carries off rainwater. Yet the reporter failed to emphasize that, or to remind readers of it in the “summary introduction” that prefaced all articles after the first one. The PBS “The Mormons” shows were a real eye-opener for a friend of mine who had previously trusted everything she had seen on PBS. It made her (finally) realize that everything else she had ever seen on PBS could also have been slanted, intentionally or not. |
john f, I really don’t understand why your bothered by her statement. It’s factually correct to say that Joseph Smith is our alpha and omega — we’ve made it that way by emphasizing that our church stands or falls on his testimony. If there’s a problem in the fact that he’s our alpha and omega, than it’s ours. I’m also a bit tired of hearing people express concern about how other people might understand parts of the film. The criticism seems to be over and over that it might create a misunderstanding in someone else. Helen Whitney defended her work, to be sure, but it’s factually incorrect to say that she brushed aside criticism. To the first critic of her work, she responded quite respectfully. The second critic of her work was pretty extreme, and he deserved to be dismissed out of hand. The issue pertained to how church courts worked and how church members feel about them. I am, of course, biased, because I believe with every fiber of my being that there are priesthood authorities who will have to answer at the bar of God for the abuse of priesthood exhibited in the September 6 excommunications. But I wanted to clap when she brushed his criticism aside based on the greater degree of experience that she had talking to thousands of members about their concerns about the church as a neutral party — a “man on a train” if you will. So you don’t like everything about the documentary? Neither do I. I doubt that anyone does — including Helen Whitney. That doesn’t change anything. |
DKL, You seriously don’t understand how the alpha and omega statement can be taken then wrong way? As I said in my running commentary, that term is reserved for diety. I think its unfortunate that it was included, but not a fatal flaw. I think this error is made worse by the absence of a discussion of whether Mormons are Christians. I think this is what the documentary really lacked. Reasonable people can come down on either side of that debate, but I think so many have only heard one side or the other of it. If the program had devoted 15 minutes to that question then the alpha and omega thing wouldn’t be able to be seen as a mischaracterization. |
I think that many who perhaps come from more Mormon areas don’t realize just how common this is. I had an English teacher in Junior High stand up and tell that class that Mormons worshipped Joseph Smith as God. This is a common misunderstanding by many of Mormonism. So it is very unfortunate that it might have been propagated indirectly. (I didn’t see the documentary so perhaps context helped here) While I understand the frustration about the old Mormon persecution complex I think it important to realize that the is often something to it. I had quite a few outrageous things said about Mormons to me in school. |
Whether it can be taken the wrong way is beside the point. If we’re vetting the documentary for the mere possibility of misunderstanding, then we’re just furthering a spirit of contention. I’m very happy that she didn’t address the issue of whether we’re Christian. Instead of making it sound like it was a matter of dispute, she goes right into the appearance of Jesus to Joseph. It does not portray our church accurately to characterize the Christian nature of our religion as something that reduces to a dispute between us and other Christian denominations. Nobody who thinks that Mormons aren’t Christians are going to be persuaded by Helen Whitney anyway. Our religion is what it is, and it is Christian. That’s what comes through in the documentary loud and clear. Incidentally, a Mormon friend of mine who lives in Salt Lake City had a non-Mormon friend visiting while I was at the MHA conference. He took her to Temple Square and the visitor center there, and I met with them later that night to have a bite to eat with them. Her reaction to the visitors center was this: “Why was there hardly anything there about the Book of Mormon or Joseph Smith? It was all about the New Testament and Jesus, which I know all about anyway. What are they trying to hide?” We’re far too defensive about this, “Are we Christian?” question. Perhaps it’s appropriate to recall that our church experienced its greatest growth surge when bias against our church was much stronger than it is now. |
Newbee here, but wanted to voice something as well. While I feel there were certainly things left out that should’ve been included or expounded upon, and perhaps other very knowledgeable LDS Scholars interviewed, at least it’s one of the very very few documentaries that attempts to give voice to both sides of the line with a less derogatory tone. In that regards, bravo for Whitney. I’m certain some critics of the Church are upset as well that there wasn’t enough mud slinging in the film, who probably wanted it more like the JS dvd that came out earlier, and who aren’t content that the film did portray Mormons as, “secret, strange, and oppressive”. Personally, I believe this could be the beginnings of great things ahead- more dialogue, more truth discovered, more faith confirmed, etc. Obviously, the topics covered in the film would have taken much more time to truly cover every aspect than what was given. Unfortunately, not everyone is going to realize that and will take the film at face value without the benefits of the whole enchilada. |
DKL, in religious phraseology, especially among Christians, “Alpha & Omega” refers to Jesus Christ. Latter-day Saints use this term the same way that creedal Christians use it, as found in the New Testament. To say that Joseph Smith is the Mormons’ Alpha & Omega is a really clever way to imply that we don’t worship Jesus Christ. As for your acquaintance’s observations following the Temple Square tour about how little emphasis was put on Joseph Smith and the Book of Mormon, I fully agree that we need to focus on Joseph Smith and the Book of Mormon as those things that differentiate us from creedal Christians. That doesn’t mean that Joseph Smith gains the status of the Mormons’ Alpha & Omega. |
I attended the MHA this weekend in Salt Lake and the session where “The Mormons” was reviewed. It was very interesting. Here are some notes from that review, including Helen Whitney’s responses: Helen Whitney said the church must confront it’s troublesome past. The church has been uncomfortable with this confrontation and has punished dissenters. But it appears the church is becoming more open towards it’s past. Mario DePilis, a long time scholar of Mormonism called it one of the best documentaries of any religion ever done, but noted three omissions: The Role of women, the temple, and the power of community. He thought the dichotomy between Elder Oaks and Margret Toscano was “stunning.” He said the church celebrates it’s history while at the same time is afraid of it’s history. The church should be like post-Nazi Germany and confront it’s past and deal with it (he noted that he was not saying the church was like the Nazis, only that we should confront troublesome aspects of our past just like Germans have had to). However, he wondered if it is possible for this confrontation to occur while keeping faith alive. Richard Bennett, of BYU’s history department said “The Mormons” was a necessary wake up call to the church, who wants to share it’s history. He said that we must share our entire history, and noted that the Church News will begin to publish difficult questions and answers on occasion. He felt it was not balanced on the issue of Mormon intellectuals, saying it made intellectual confrontation appear inevitable. He and others are intellectuals and have never felt threatened by the church. The Church curriculum is lacking for the intellectually minded and pointed out that the church cannot hope to close the mind of it’s intellectual members. Bennett also noted that education was not mentioned, and he didn’t like the idea of blind obedience. He said that we are not in Mountain Meadows today, and it is unfair to remember the church for Mountain Meadows. Helen Whitney then responded and took questions from the audience. She had breakfast with general authority Marlin K. Jensen (who is over the church history department, and who was featured extensively in the film), who she really likes. She suggested that we should be proud of our “juicy” quirkiness, and not suppress it, including that man may become as God (she was probably referring to president Hinckley’s statement downplaying that idea on 60 minutes). Regarding charges that she spent too much time on those excommunicated, she said that excommunication numbers were somewhat small, but not insignificant. It was noted that the church keeps excommunication records private and we really don’t know the numbers who are excommunicated or leave the church. She had talked to over 1000 Mormons of all sorts. She found that many of them had underlying fears and practiced self-censorship when at church, or when talking about the church with others. She saw a lot of this and felt that while the act focused on only one dissident, she was not able to cover the whole field, and the time spent on the act was proportionate to amount of fear (of speaking out, or of asking difficult questions), doubt and self-censorship that appear to be part of the Mormon experience. Someone pointed out that the room where church courts supposedly took place did not look like any church court they had ever seen, or participated in (I believe that Bennett [above] said this, and that he may have been a Stake President at some point in time). She replied that this was a metaphorical representation as to how the many that she had interviewed who had been excommunicated felt during their trial, and was not supposed to be an actual representation. Someone asked what she would cover if she had more time. She replied that she would have had more stories about faith; coming into the church, leaving the church, wrestling with issues within the church. She talked about how details surrounding the translation of the Book of Abraham caused a couple to leave. The woman felt she could never get her compass back and found that she wept all the time, dearly missing the church, but not able to return to it. Regarding the art used, she asked Trevor Southey to create an image of the complexity of Joseph Smith. He worked on it for months with no success, but finally was able to do it by portraying three images of Joseph Smith She insisted that people not be identified as Mormons or non-Mormons. She has been heavily criticized for this decision, but she stood by it. She didn’t want people prejudging what people had to say, or biasing their interpretation depending on who was saying what. She wanted everyone to listened to all sides equally. She had a hard time getting Harold Bloom to participate, but she was friends with him and was finally able to talk him into participating. |
john f. #37: Okay, so now you accuse Whitney of “really clever” anti-Mormonism. It’s one thing for you to insist, contrary to all evidence, that the phrase “alpha and omega” is strictly a religious reference to Jesus. It’s quite another for you to blatantly misrepresent what the documentary said. The documentary did not say “Joseph Smith is the Mormons’ Alpha and Omega.” The documentary said that Joseph Smith is the alpha and omega of Mormonism. There is a world of difference between the two, John, and I think you know that. For that matter, “worship” of Jesus is a very modern innovation of LDS-ism. Not so many years ago, Elder Bruce R. McConkie had to speak at BYU to correct that false teaching. He made it clear that Mormonism teaches worship of Heavenly Father only, and that even scriptural references to worshiping Jesus referred only to reverence and respect. Now, of course, perhaps out of the desperate desire to be considered part of the “christian club,” LDS leaders frequently state that they “worship Christ.” Semantics? Maybe. |
“She insisted that people not be identified as Mormons or non-Mormons. She has been heavily criticized for this decision, but she stood by it. She didn’t want people prejudging what people had to say, or biasing their interpretation depending on who was saying what. She wanted everyone to listened to all sides equally.” Amen to that! The very nature of the criticisms proves the wisdom in Whitney’s decision on this point. I have heard exactly *one* non-LDS complain about it. I have heard several LDS complain, most of whom have made accompanying comments to the effect that they wanted these labels, so they would know who to ignore. This is a curious phenomenon among LDS today, in my view. It seems that only members of the church can be trusted to (a) understand the church, and (b) tell the truth. Outsiders are deemed uninformed at best, and intentional deceivers at worst. I have been working a few years now on a history of the influence of Freemasonry on early Mormonism. I had my name removed from the records of the church after already spending about three years on this project. Several individuals who were familiar with my work, upon hearing that I’d left the church, immediately bemoaned the fact that my scholarly, historical writing would no longer be considered “credible” by LDS members. While my book isn’t finished yet, I have already had LDS individuals tell me (on various topics) that my views regarding the church are not reliable, because I left the church. Did my research and writing change? No. The only change was my membership status. |
Nick Literski and Elder McConkie standing shoulder to shoulder to correct our doctrinal misunderstandings … what a strange image. Nick, I’m not sure that appealing to McConkie actually strengthens your point — his batting average is pretty low. As to the offending phrase, it’s pretty well understood among active Christians (thinking of Evangelicals; I’m not sure other Christians read their Bible enough to make the connection) that “Alpha and Omega” refers to Christ, so applying that label to Joseph Smith within the first five minutes is at best a gaffe and would likely serve to confirm Christian animus against Mormons (if anyone besides Mormons was watching the series). But I don’t believe Whitney intended to convey the idea that Mormons aren’t Christians or don’t worship Jesus Christ, so I wouldn’t call it clever, just a poor choice of metaphor. |
Dave, Yes, Dave, I guess it’s really a “strange image” for me to point out a change in LDS teachings, since I’m no longer LDS, right? After all, if I left the church, I must have no clue about the church’s history and doctrine, right? (See #40) While it’s true that McConkie missed the boat on some things, this one wasn’t rocket science. Do you, as a Latter-day Saint, pray to Jesus like the so-called “mainstream christians?” The only allowance for that in Mormonism is a single Book of Mormon reference, which Jesus himself explains as an aberration due to his immediate physical presence. Even Jesus directed all glory and worship to his Father. |
If we believe that someone else is in a group to which we belong, we will have positive views of them and give them preferential treatment. This works because we build our self-esteem through belonging, and the presence of someone from an in-group reminds us of that belonging. The opposite of in-group bias is out-group bias where, by inference, out-group people are viewed more negatively and given worse treatment. In-group linguistic bias is where out-group people are described in abstract terms (which depersonifies them) when they conform to the out-group stereotype. Out-group people will be referred to in more specific, concrete terms when they act in unexpected ways. “Clever” being one such term. |
PBS has now posted full transcripts to “The Mormons” at http://www.pbs.org/mormons/etc/script.html and http://www.pbs.org/mormons/etc/script2.html. Taken from the actual transcript, here is the section that john f. finds offensive: “NARRATOR: Mormon history begins with Joseph Smith. He is the alpha and omega of the Latter Day Saints. To the Mormons, Joseph Smith is their prophet, their American Mohammed who revealed new and eternal truths. To the world, he is one of the most complex figures in religious history, the enigma at the core of this religion.” Note that the transcript doesn’t capitalize “alpha and omega.” While you can’t “hear” capitalization, this demonstrates their intent. They did not say that “Joseph Smith is the Mormons’ Alpha and Omega.” They used a familiar, colloquial phrase, to indicate that Joseph Smith’s role was essential to Mormonism. Not only that, but they made that statement in a context, which makes it abundantly clear that they were NOT comparing him to Jesus. Rather, they compared him to Mohammed. Maybe those who were so intent on finding persecution in the documentary didn’t hear the context, let alone the lack of capitalization. |
How can one hear a lack of capitalization? |
Clark, |
Yeah, I was probably being a tad snarky myself. My apologies. My own view pretty much parallels Dave’s – that it was an unfortunate but probably innocent mistake. The point though is that this intent can’t be communicated in the manner they intended. To draw an analogy, way back early on in the War on Terror Bush called it a crusade. I’m completely convinced he didn’t intend the connotations but that doesn’t mean he can simply discount the connotations. |
Nick, I thought the documentary was really good. Please see my comment # 15. My preference would be that Helen Whitney wouldn’t say that Joseph Smith is the Alpha & Omega of Mormonism because any creedal Christian viewer will find in that statement a validation of what their eighth-grade U.S. history teacher taught them about Mormons worshipping Joseph Smith and not being Christians (since any creedal Christian viewer will be familiar with the term Alpha & Omega as a reference to Jesus Christ). |
re # 44, Nick wrote Taken from the actual transcript, here is the section that john f. finds offensive. I am tempted to question the reliability of your research and writing, not based on your status in or out of the Church, but rather based on your apparent inability to comprehend that I am representing a central concern held by Latter-day Saints who disliked the documentary. In other words it’s not an issue of my finding something offensive. Snarkiness aside, I understand by now that you simply cannot see how many Latter-day Saints would take umbrage at a statement in the first few minutes of a documentary about Mormons — a documentary meant to “shatter stereotypes†about Mormons — that Joseph Smith is the Alpha and Omega of Mormonism. With regard to your personal reference to me, to repeat once more: I liked the documentary and was disappointed that many faithful Latter-day Saints were apparently highly critical of it. In this discussion, however, I have revealed that despite the fact that I enjoyed and applaud the documentary, I find a few of the concerns brought up by faithful Latter-day Saints to be valid. The Joseph Smith/Alpha & Omega point was one of them. This has obviously angered you. Whether that should be a reason to discount it as a valid concern of Latter-day Saints remains to be seen. |
Clark, Oh…and I think hearing the lack of capitalization must be something like hearing the sound of one hand clapping. ;-) |
Nick, in providing the direct quote, you have revealed that it is actually much closer to the way I was originally representing it. “He is the alpha & omega of the Latter-day Saints†as found in the transcript is much closer to “He is the Mormons’ Alpha and Omegaâ€, which I was quoting, than “He is the alpha & omega of Mormonism†which you had gotten me to come around to using in my more recent comments here. Do you agree? Note the genetive in the actual quote relates to the people themselves and not the movement and also that “Latter-day Saints†is a synonym for “Mormonsâ€. |
It’s sounds a bit like Wallace and Gromit in A Close Shave after Wallace broke Gromit out of jail. They’re hiding out in a field and Wallace tells Gromit “You’re a fugitive now. You’ll be hunted down like, well, like a dog.” This is funny because Gromit is a dog, so applying to him a figure of speech involving dogs is linguistically problematic. Was that the effect Miss Whitney was going for? |
john f.: I have merely tried to point out that your absolute insistance that the sentence could only be understood to mean that LDS worship Joseph Smith in the place of Jesus is unsupported by both common usage and context. While I fully understand that christians recognize “Alpha and Omega” as a reference to Jesus, I also believe that most adults in our society are culturally literate enough to know that this is not the only usage of the phrase, particularly when it is preceded by “the,” and followed by “of the (fill in the blank).” I also understand, however, that when individuals hold strong beliefs, and when they perceive in general that they will be persecuted for holding those beliefs, they may be predisposed to interpret perfectly innocent statements or actions as persecution. In this case, the predisposition of many LDS was made rather clear by the public hand-wringing which led up to the broadcast. Many worried over what kind of treatment the LDS church would receive. Among those many, several stated in public forums their automatic assumption that the LDS church would be mistreated. Despite the official response from responsible adults at LDS church headquarters, this predisposition continues to rule the perception of some LDS members. I actually wish that legitimate scholars would do a study of the perception of persecution among LDS members. In my own anecdotal observation and experience, the sense of persecution is actually an important–even valued–part of the LDS experience. For example, while even faithful LDS historians point out Mormon settlers in 1830s Missouri were not entirely innocent victims of religious persecution, many official sources continue to claim otherwise. In fact, some LDS sources go so far as to identify the persecution of LDS church members as evidence of LDS truth claims–a complete non sequitor, since members of other religious groups have also faced persecution. Further, the endurance of persecution is seen as a strength in itself. Images of faithful LDS pioneers, who’s faith endured in spite of terrible treatment by outsiders, are used to encourage modern LDS faithfulness. In some cases, perhaps this “ideal” leads LDS members to perceive persecution, allowing them to “endure” the same and further identify with the pioneer saints. My simple point, John, is that many of those who were offended by this statement were predisposed to be offended by perceived “persecution.” This is not unique to LDS, of course. I’m fully aware that you could unintentionally make statements about groups I identify with, which would immediately set *me* on edge. |
john f. #51: |
john f, you still haven’t said anything to convince me that your concern at a less-than-optimal phraseology might cause a misunderstanding is anything other than a pretty lightweight objection. |
I think it would be the job of Latter-day Saints who disliked the documentary to convince you of something like that. |
Fair enough — or perhaps the job of some non-Latter-day Saint who came away thinking that we worship Joseph Smith based solely on the documentary. |
DKL, Whether it can be taken the wrong way is beside the point. How about whether it is ambiguous? I think a documentary should strive for clarity or at the very least to not create confusion where clarity is withing easy reach. On the first night it had two minor stumbles in my opinion. The first is this Alpha and Omega quote and the second is Ken Verdoia’s complete mangling of baptism for the dead. These are both deal with issues that I would assume the general public is not well informed about and it is too bad that they were awkward. I’m not offended or mad, merely pointing out a minor way in which the show could have been very slightly better. I thought the documentary was superb and I wouldn’t hesitate to recommend it to anyone thought I’d probably throw in a few words of clarification. I’m getting the impression that you think it was approaching perfect. Is there no room for improvement here? |
a random john, I do not think that it was near perfect, but I do think that the objection is pretty trivial. Furthermore, one shouldn’t look a gift horse in the mouth. At the MHA conference, one of the respondents to Helen Whitney said (jokingly) that he objected to the use of late-Beethoven string quartets as background music during the portion on dissidents. I can certainly understand that some people may not like these quartets — they’re not especially indicative of the standard quartet of the classical era, and they can be hard to listen to if you aren’t familiar with (say) Bartok’s quartets (from the mid-20th century). At some point, objecting to ways that the documentary could have been better becomes futile. |
You raise a good point, DKL. After the treatment Whitney has received from a certain segment of LDS, I wonder how many non-LDS will go to such an effort to produce balanced media portraits of the LDS church in the foreseeable future. One could conclude that those who outright attack the LDS church will be largely ignored by its members, but those outsiders who try to be fair in portraying the LDS faith will be raked over the coals. |
Furthermore, one shouldn’t look a gift horse in the mouth. Now a balanced portrayal in the media is a gift horse? We’ve got some low standards. I’m fine with the idea that journalist and documentarians covering Mormonism will be aware that their work will be scrutinized by Mormons. Obviously this scrutiny will run the gamut from worthwhile to trivial and hysterical to thoughtful. While it won’t change the work after it is out it might cause it to be a higher quality production to begin with. I don’t doubt that Whitney became aware of what would happen during production and it might have had a positive effect. In any case, I think your meta-criticism is at least as useless as my criticism. :) |
You miss my point, random john. Whitney clearly tried to create a high quality production, which was fair and sensitive to members of the LDS church. In return, she received the condemnation of a vocal segment of LDS church members. That certainly doesn’t encourage other media artists to bother trying in the future, does it? |
I think the issue tends to be less worshipping Joseph Smith, although as I said that is an unfortunate connotation. Rather the issue is more about us treating Joseph Smith like God, which we simply don’t. Given the fact this is already a confusion in many conservative Christian minds I found the phrase extremely unfortunate. Perhaps Ms. Witney is ignorant of the kind of misinformation about Mormons held in certain communities so she didn’t understand why Mormons would be upset at this. However I think saying Mormons shouldn’t be upset at it is a bit misplaced. What it all reminds me of was the guy using the word “niggardly” in a conversation with some African Americans. Now the word is Scandanavian and has absolutely no etymological connection to the Latin offensive word. However I think most people should quickly realize that similar sounds would lead to confusion. While in individual speech I think we ought be quite forgiving and understanding, in terms of public discourse especially from an important media source has to be held to a higher standard. |
That you’d see this as a worry says something about our cynicism of the media. One would hope the media would always be trying for balance regardless of whether people get upset. The idea that some would even assume that criticism would lead them to produce more unbalanced works in the future is profoundly disturbing to me. If true (and I hope it’s not) then that really says a lot about the trustworthiness of the American media in general frankly. Are you really convinced of this? That we have to ignore problems in news reports due to the worry that if we aren’t nice enough we’ll be attacked in the future? Isn’t that just the siege mentality in an other form? |
Thanks, Nick. That’s my point exactly. arj, Helen Whitney is our friend, because she gave a balanced portrayal. Is that a low bar? Perhaps. But she’s still done more for the public image of Mormonism than any living non-Mormon. |
clark #64: Of course not. This isn’t a question of just “ignoring problems,” however. This is a case of a non-LDS woman clearly taking great pains to project a fair and accurate documentary, which was a good deal more sensitive to LDS views than most media has been. The LDS PR department responded appropriately, essentially thanking her for her professionalism, despite minor flaws in the finished work. Several LDS members, however, have pilloried the poor woman, both in print and in to her face in public settings. As I write this, the perfect illustration comes to mind, to explain what I’m speaking of. Do you remember the cheesy old LDS commercials, with the little girl who came rushing in to tell her mother that she’d accomplished some cleanliness task (I don’t recall exactly what)? Remember how the mother responded with something like “Well, did you clean your room? Sometimes you’re such a slob!” Then we see the girl’s face crumble, and we all KNOW just what kind of effect the mother has had on the girl’s feelings, not to mention future actions. This isn’t to say that Whitney hasn’t received praise from LDS quarters. It’s just that the rebukes are sounding a good deal more frequent and loud. Frankly, you’re all lucky she’s spent as much time with various LDS members as she has, in preparing the documentary in the first place. Otherwise, I think the vocal response would likely give her a VERY negative view of LDS church members. |
Clark: Isn’t that just the siege mentality in an other form? No. It’s called being gracious. And I must admit, Mormons tend to be among the least gracious people I know. More than any other group of my acquaintance, Mormons tend to fixate on things that irritate them and then turn hateful about them. The thing I like best about the MHA conference is how remarkably free it is of prototypical Mormons. |
I have just recently returned from California/Mexico and am catching up a bit. I didn’t read all of the comments in depth, so I hope I don’t repeat things which have already been said. This is what struck me about Helen’s presentation. When a FARMS respondant objected to her stark portrayal of Church Courts and then talked about his experience with “disciplinary councils,” he said what I’d anticipate from a former stake president–things about giving sinners an opportunity to start fresh, etc. Helen’s response was something like this: “I don’t mean to pull rank, but I interviewd over 1,000 people for this documentary and heard literally hundreds of people talk about their Church courts. I portrayed what they portrayed to me.” It has been hard for me to hear people say that Margaret Toscano has no right to speak for Mormons because she has been excommunicated. And I can’t imagine dismissing her account of her court because it doesn’t accord with something I wish were true. I think it’s vital to listen to the words and FEELINGS of those who have faced disciplinary action–particularly when they have felt that it was anything but a court of love. On our family trip, I read a biography of Lowell Bennion. One thing I found very interesting was the report that when he was a bishop, he never held a Bishop’s court, believing that if a person had confessed and repented, humiliation was unnecessary. These are merely observations. I hope they don’t sound like judgments of judgments. I do have a great concern that somebody’s excommunication is used as an excuse to shun them or dismiss anything they might say. Surely that is not what Christ would do. |